Study: Antibiotics helped 'chronic Lyme disease'
BY DELTHIA RICKS | delthia.ricks@newsday.com
www.newsday.com/services/newspaper/printedition/thursday/health/ny-hslyme115408570oct11,0,5197805.story
October 11, 2007
Some patients who had persistent memory lapses and other problems years after therapy for Lyme disease improved after antibiotic retreatment in a new study that continues the debate over the existence of "chronic Lyme disease."
The latest study, posted online yesterday by the journal Neurology, found that 37 patients treated intravenously with the antimicrobial known as ceftriaxone showed some improvement. The research was led by Dr. Brian Fallon of Columbia University's newly established Lyme and Tick-borne Disease Research Center. However, the study was lambasted in an editorial in the same journal, rekindling a raucous debate that has spilled from the scientific community into the public spotlight.
Fallon, who had interviewed more than 3,000 patients for the research, wound up studying only 37, and concluded retreatment may help people with long-term cognitive impairment. The study period covered six months of therapy.
The handful of participants were the only ones who met criteria set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Fallon's research also had a control group, which received a placebo.
Participants had reported long-term pain and problems with cognitive function. None had evidence of live Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria, which can be transmitted by the bite of the black-legged deer tick.
"They may have been unable to recall what they just read while reading a book; they might have problems with the speed of their thinking," Fallon said yesterday.
Beyond cognitive problems, some patients also complained of shooting pains, tingling sensations and cranial nerve palsy.
But Dr. John Halperin of New Jersey's Atlantic Neuroscience Institute wrote in the editorial that it's time to look beyond antibiotics. "Given the risk of considerable adverse events from prolonged antibiotic treatment," he wrote, "it is time to look elsewhere for an effective management strategy."
Halperin said Lyme disease has "an articulate, populist constituency ardently advocating for enhanced recognition." Their organizations support prolonged antibiotic treatment.
Fallon's center at Columbia was established with funding from two advocacy groups: Time for Lyme and the Lyme Disease Association.
He said neither group provided money for the study. His findings replicate results from prior placebo-controlled trials of post-Lyme disease symptoms. Fallon said he does not believe live bacteria persist in patients and cause their symptoms, but that certain antibiotics have properties beyond killing bacteria and act on neurotransmitters in the brain. As a result of that role, chronic Lyme symptoms are controlled.
But Dr. Richard Horowitz, president-elect of the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society, said he treats patients with prolonged antibiotic therapy because he has laboratory tests that show the bacteria persist in patients.
The public row revolves around whether chronic Lyme disease is real.
Doctors from Yale, Harvard, the CDC, the Infectious Diseases Society of America and New York Medical College say the diagnosis is questionable and that antibiotic therapy that persists for months, even years, is dangerous. The society discouraged prolonged antibiotic use last year, and a special society task force issued new treatment and diagnostic guidelines.
Richard Blumenthal, attorney general for the state of Connecticut, is investigating the society. He said the guidelines might prevent some patients from receiving treatments they need.
"We are not taking sides as to whether long-term antibiotics should be provided to victims of Lyme disease. We are questioning whether members of that panel received benefits or fees or other kinds of compensation," Blumenthal said.
Dr. Raymond Dattwyler, who for years studied Lyme disease at Stony Brook University Medical Center, said there "is no such thing as chronic Lyme disease." He is now at New York Medical College in Valhalla where Dr. Gary Wormser, who headed the panel that set new Lyme disease guidelines, studies the infection. Wormser also said he doubts patients become chronically infected.
"It will take years to reach a solution on this. ... If there is a breakthrough, all of this argument might go away," Wormser said yesterday, adding "but there is still a Flat Earth Society, so it's not likely that everyone would be convinced."
Copyright © 2007, Newsday Inc.
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